Seven Insurance Principles

To understand how insurance works, it is important to know the seven insurance principles that rules this activitie.

Since the begining, the insurance concept started distributing the risk among a group of people or enterprises.  So cooperation is the main element behind any insurance contract.

From that point are derived the seven insurance principles.  Here they are:

1) Principal of Utmost Good Faith

Both parties, insurer and insured should enter into contract in good faith

Insured should provide all the information that impacts the subject matter
Insurer should provide all the details regarding insurance contract

For example – John took a health insurance policy. At the time of taking policy, he was a smoker and he didn’t disclose this fact. He got cancer. Insurance company won’t pay anything as John didn’t reveal the important facts.

2) Principle of Insurable Interest

Insured must have the insurable interest on the subject matter

In case of life insurance spouse and dependents have insurable interest in the life of a person. Corporations also have insurable interests in the life of it’s employees

In case of life or marine insurance, insured must be the owner both at the time of entering of entering into the insurance contract and at the time of accident.

3) Principle of Indemnity

Insured can’t make any profit from the insurance contract. Insurance contract is meant for coverage of losses only

Indemnity means a guarantee to put the insured in the position as he was before accident

This principle doesn’t apply to life insurance contracts

4) Principle of Contribution

In case the insured took more than one insurance policy for same subject matter, he/she can’t make profit by making claim for same loss more than once

For example – Raj has a property worth Rs.5,00,000. He took insurance from Company A worth Rs.3,00,000 and from Company B – Rs.1,00,000.

In case of accident, he incurred a loss of Rs.3,00,000 to the property. Raj can claim Rs. Rs.3,00,000 from A but after that he can’t make profit by making a claim from Company B. Now Company A can make a claim from Company B to for proportional loss claim value.

5) Principle of Subrogation

After the insured gets the claim money, the insurer steps into the shoes of insured. After making the payment insurance claim, the insurer becomes the owner of subject matter.

For example:- Ram took a insurance policy for his Car. In an accident his car totally damaged. Insurer paid the full policy value to insured. Now Ram can’t sell the scrap remained after the scrap.

6) Principle of Loss Minimisation

This principle states that the insured must take all the necessary steps to minimize the losses to inured assets.

For example – Ram took insurance policy fo his house. In an cylinder blast, his house burnt. He should have called nearest fire station so that the loss could be minimised.

7) Principle of Causa Proxima

Word “Cause Proxima” means “Nearest Cause”.

An accident may be caused by more than one cause. In case property insured for only one cause. In such case nearest cause of the accident is found out.

Insurer pays the claim money only if the nearest cause is insured.

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Health Insurance Tax Benefits

Not too many people is aware of health insurance tax benefits.  I have found an excellent article that will give you a wide perspective about the topic.

I want to share this valuable information with you so you can have another alternative in your financial strategies.

Find how to apply health insurance tax benefits:

Tax Benefits And Strategies: Health Insurance For The Self-Employed

With the deadline for enrolling in a 2016 insurance plan through the Health Insurance Marketplace looming, I’ve heard from many of my self-employed clients and friends that are facing huge rate increases this year and others who are choosing to go without insurance because the penalty is less than their annual premium.

A study by the Henry J Kaiser Family Foundation Many noted that 48% of uninsured adults cite cost as the main reason they are still uninsured.

Foregoing health insurance coverage is not a decision I endorse. For 2016, the penalty for not having health insurance is the higher of 2.5% of your household income (with a maximum of the total yearly premium for the national average price of a Bronze plan sold through the Marketplace) or $695 per adult plus $347.50 per child under 18 (with a maximum of $2,085 per year). For 2017 and beyond, the percentage option will remain at 2.5%, but the flat fee will be adjusted for inflation. There are certain exemptions that may help you avoid the penalty.

According to the same Kaiser study, nearly 36% of low- and middle-income uninsured adults said they had problems paying medical bills. At some point, almost everyone is going to need some sort of medical care and medical bills are the single largest cause of consumer bankruptcy.

If you are under 30 years old OR are granted a hardship exemption, you can purchase a catastrophic health plan through the Marketplace, no matter your income level. A catastrophic health plan doesn’t cover any benefits other than three primary care visits per year before the plan’s deductible is met. The monthly premium is lower than standard plans, but the out-of-pocket costs for deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance is higher. These types of plans can protect you in the event of some major medical calamity.

Self-employed people have an advantage over employed people who are not covered by an employer group plan. Employees who aren’t covered by their employer’s group plan and have to purchase their own insurance may be able to receive an itemized deduction on Schedule A if their total out-of-pocket medical premiums exceed 10% of their Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) and they have enough other itemized deductions to exceed the standard deduction. Few people are able to meet both of those hurdles.

Self-employed people, however, may be able to deduct health insurance premiums on Line 29 of Form 1040, an “above-the-line” deduction. In order to get an above=the-line deduction, you must report a profit from your business on Schedule C (or have self-employment income from a passthrough entity or farm).

If you have some self-employment income, but not enough to cover your health insurance premiums, you can deduct enough premiums to bring your income on Sch C to zero, then report the remainder as an itemized deduction on Schedule A, where you may or may not get a benefit.

If you are married and have the option of getting coverage under your spouse’s employer subsidized health plan, you won’t be able to take your health insurance premiums as an above-the-line deduction. You’ll only be able to claim them on Schedule A.

Some people are still not convinced. Why pay several hundred dollars per year for health insurance coverage with such large deductibles that they wind up paying all of their medical bills out-of-pocket anyway? Because you may be able to save on your taxes AND stash away more money for retirement if you purchase a health insurance plan that is eligible for a Health Savings Account (HSA). An HSA allows you to set aside set aside money to pay for current health care expenses and save for those in the future.

For 2016, you can contribute $3,350 per year to an HSA for an individual or $6,750 for a family. If you’re over age 55, you can contribute an extra $1,000 per year. HSA contributions are another above-the-line deduction, reported on Line 25 of Form 1040. Interest earned on the account is tax-free and you can make tax-free withdrawals for qualified medical expenses.

• Janet Berry-Johnson ,


• CONTRIBUTOR


• I’m a CPA writing about personal finance for parents.

 

Original source

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Permanent Universal Life insurance policy

Whole Life lacks flexibility-that’s a pretty popular reality. For example, there are some disturbing ԛuestions (for some individuals) concerning Whole Life What if the insured cannot manage to pay a costs? What if the insured wants to decrease the death benefit as a result of a life modification that does not require that level of coverage anymore? Universal life alleviates those problems.

One more problem with entire life is that the internal functions of the policy are not reԛuired to be clear to the owner. He can not read the entire procedure of his Whole Life’s day-to-day’s plan. Thus, the insured person might ask: So what are the real cost of insurance policy and also expenditures at the moment? “Just how much did my plan make and where was it spent? Universal life normally makes all of these products fully clear.

Exactly how Universal Life insurance policy resembles Whole Life.

Universal as well as Whole insurance coverage are irreversible policies. Their aspiration is to offer the policy holder’s family members when he/shedies, regardless so what age that might be at. Universal Life likewise takes pleasure in a money worth that will help the insured making unpredictable insurance policy price fluctuations as the policy-and the owner-matures.

How Universal Life distinguishes with Whole Life Insurance

A global life plan may be paid for with costs settlements in a number of ways. A minimum quantity of payment that is reԛuired to keep the plan energetic that resembles the cost of an annual term insurance coverage plan. In addition, there are caps on the quantity the insured is enabled to take into the strategy’s costs, yet the median in between the reduced and also maximum caps suffices for the substantial majority of Universal Life policy owners.

With Whole Life, if the insured wants to give up the money worth account as well as maintain the insurance energetic, he or she needs to utilize a funding. With UL coverage, the insured could still take a financing, but he may likewise go with a straight withdrawal. The insured has to beware when he requests a withdrawal though; do not misuse all of the money worth in the account. This will help cover the policy’s costs and also expenditures.

A UL plan likewise must offer total disclosure. The insured is could view-unobstructed-what the prices and also returns are for any time structure. Moreover, he may lower the death benefit anytime, yet within predetermined limitations. Just what’s more, the insured can normally raise the death benefit on his coverage.

Survivor benefit Options.

In addition, the insured with Universal Life may not just decrease/increase survivor benefit once the plan is passed, Universal Life likewise allows the insured selections in between two survivor benefit choices. These choices are frequently referred to as Choice A Level/ Choice B Boosting.

Choice A is lot like Whole insurance policy. As the cash-value increases, the degree of threat (the quantity the insurance carrier is responsible for when the insured dies) decreases. In Choice B, the net amount at risk stays consistent. Therefore, the beneficiary gets the specified survivor benefit plus the cash worth’s worth.

Option B is certainly a little bit much more expensive than A. This is due to the fact that the insurance provider will need to payment to the beneficiary more of its cash when the policy owner passes away. The insured can sometimes switch between the two alternatives, nonetheless. Nevertheless, while the insured may be able to switch from B to A with little inconvenience, he generally might only transform from A to B if he’s thought about a good threat. Is he healthy and balanced; has he read a physician to determine his wellness problem? These are ԛuestions that the insurance policy broker will most likely ask when the insured intends to switch over from Choice A to Option B. As a whole, most of customers tend to utilize Choice B, due to the fact that they wish to raise the quantity that could be protected from taxes in a savings account.

The Cash Worth Facet.

The cash worth facet of a basic universal-life strategy is generally bought financial obligation early-on. The yields are normally near the three-year Treasury expense. (Describe the Adjustable Universal Life insurance policy of Virginia Cooperative Ext. pp. 354-147) The returns on an Universal plan have often tended around the 4.5 % mark. Several carriers guarantee that profits will go down to a predetermined level (generally an assured 3 % as well as no reduced). The revenues will be tax free while they live in the plan, giving the guaranteed a sound way to expand savings without paying Uncle Sam..

Concerning the premiums.

Once more, the insured can decide the quantity of the premiums that he pays, within established limits. Nonetheless, it’s strongly advised that the insured pay more than the minimal reԛuired of superior quantities annually. A minimal premium settlement will merely fulfill the company’s costs to cover the insured, as well as nothing will be made money value-wise. A good strategy ought to have a recommended costs repayment. This quantity is the amount of the costs that the company believes to be adequate to sustain the plan as well as build up money worth.

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Permanent Universal Life insurance policy

Home mortgage Life Insurance coverage Broker

Home mortgage life insurance coverage broker – Why you required one

For those individuals who can’t afford the 20 % down for their house, the loan provider will need you to bring mortgage life insurance coverage to secure them in case you end up being unable to pay.

For this situation, the mortgage life insurance is owned by the bank, not by you. You are paying for life insurance on your life for the advantage of the bank.

Mortgage Life Insurance – Different Types

Group and individual mortgage insurance coverage are 2 different types of home mortgage life insurance coverage policies. Due to the fact that it is in fact owned by the bank, with group mortgage life insurance coverage you are covered by a group policy owned by the bank and you have no control over the policy.

The individual home loan life insurance coverage you acquire through the mortgage life insurance broker, is your policy, and you have total control over it.

Independent Mortgage Life Insurance Broker – And Why To Get One

Choose an independent mortgage life insurance coverage broker because they have access to a large database of info from the life insurance coverage companies. This will help you compare costs since premiums vary from institution to organization. Using an independent home loan life broker you will be able to acquire the best possible coverage at the most affordable possible rate.

Home loan Life Insurance Broker– Which Type of Insurance Best Suits You?

Everyone has various have to think about when acquiring home loan life insurance coverage apart from the fundamental defense you desire for your home mortgage.

A personal plan is better since you own it and will best fit your scenario. It is recommended that you compare costs and business before acquiring any home mortgage life insurance.

Group and individual home mortgage insurance coverage are 2 different types of mortgage life insurance coverage policies. The specific home mortgage life insurance coverage you acquire through the mortgage life insurance broker, is your policy, and you have full control over it.

Choose an independent home mortgage life insurance broker due to the fact that they have access to a broad database of info from the life insurance business.

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